The Alliance for Automotive Innovation (AAI), an organization representing the interests of Ford, General Motors (GM), Stellantis, Toyota, Volkswagen, Hyundai, and several others, recently sent a letter to Congress requesting that it overturn a waiver granted to California letting it set its own emissions rules.

Later this week, the U.S. House of Representatives will vote on overturning the waiver granted to California under the 1968 Clean Air Act to impose the tightened standards, according to Reuters. In the previous letter, the AAI argued to Congress that automakers would be “forced to substantially reduce the number of overall vehicles for sale to inflate their proportion of electric vehicle sales,” adding that it would also boost prices and reduce competition in the market.

The waiver, enacted under the Biden administration’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), allows California to mandate at least 80 percent electric vehicle sales by 2035 under the Clean Air Act. The passage of disapproval of the waiver is being ushered under the Congressional Review Act, and an initial vote in the House of Representatives is set to take place on Wednesday.

READ MORE ON STATE EMISSIONS RULES: Tesla could face emissions credit tax in Washington

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia backed the EPA’s decision to grant the waiver last April, following a challenge from 17 Republican-run states. The group claimed that California was being given unconstitutional regulatory power in the decision, adding that other states didn’t have those same powers.

In December, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to hear out bids from Valero, the AAI, and other groups to oppose the 2035 California gas car sales ban, which would begin phasing them out in 2026 if the waiver remains in place.

You can see the full list of members of the AAI below, including automakers and a handful of other tech companies.

Companies represented by the Alliance for Automotive Innovation (AAI)

Here’s the full list of AAI members, according to the lobbying group’s website:

• AESC
• AISIN
• Aptiv
• Autoliv
• BMW Group
• Bosch
• Denso
• Emergency Safety Solutions
• Ferrari
• Ford
• GM
• Harman
• Honda
• Hyundai
• InEos Automotive
• Infineon
• Isuzu
• Jaguar-Land Rover
• Kia
• LG
• Luminar
• Magna
• Mazda
• McLaren
• Mercedes-Benz
• Mitsubishi Motors
• Nissan
• Nuro
• Panasonic
• Porsche
• Qualcomm
• RV Industry Association
• Samsung
• SiriusXM
• SK On
• Stellantis
• Subaru
• Texas Instruments
• Toyota
• Uber
• VinFast
• Volkswagen
• Volvo
• Zoox

California proposal to allow self-driving tests for heavy-duty trucks

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2025 is going to be one of the more difficult years to determine the outlook of the automotive sector due to the uncertain impact of tariffs and how much they will hinder overall growth.

However, we can break Tesla’s situation down a little further and explain why there were some Year-over-Year declines in registrations in California.

As a whole, Tesla registered 42,322 vehicles year-to-date through March, data from the CNCDA’s report shows. This is a 15.1 percent decrease from the 49,857 cars that had been registered by owners in the same time frame last year.

Tesla still owns 43.9 percent of the overall Zero Emissions Vehicles (ZEV) segment in California, down from 55.5 percent at this point last year. It is a decrease, but there is more to it.

The Top 25 BEV and PHEV models are led by the Model Y and Model 3, which counted 23,314 and 13,992 registrations, respectively. The third-place vehicle is the Honda Prologue with 4,493 registrations. The Tesla Cybertruck landed in 8th place with 2,282 registrations, and the Model X was 13th with 1,800.

The same quarter last year saw roughly 10,000 more registrations for the Model Y than this year, as Q1’24 saw the all-electric crossover accumulate 33,467 registrations. The decrease is due to Tesla’s switchover of production lines to the new Model Y build. Tesla said in its quarterly delivery report that it lost “several weeks” of production due to this changeover.

Tesla dominates in California but EV growth is the true winner

Interestingly, the Model 3 performed better than last year, as it only had 11,162 registrations through the same period in 2024. It had 13,992 registrations in California this year.

The question regarding Elon Musk’s political involvement and its impact on Tesla’s sales figures remains. Without surveying them individually, there is no way of knowing exactly how many people chose to go with another EV maker’s vehicle due to the politics. However, the Model 3’s slight bump is an encouraging look: it’s not all gloom and doom.

The CNCDA writes:

“Tesla’s troubles continue to worsen as Californians are giving the cold shoulder to the direct-to-consumer automaker (and controversial owner, Elon Musk). Registrations show a massive decline of 15.1 percent through March vs. this time last year. A year and a half of continuous quarterly declines proves this downward trajectory for Tesla is a lasting trend. The company’s market share also dropped by 11.6 percent at the end of Q1, now holding less than half of the California Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) market for the year.”

Most importantly, Tesla outpaced every other EV maker’s registration figures by a considerable margin, despite many analysts stating that there is irreparable brand damage.

Tesla had 42,322 registrations in California in Q1, significantly more than second-place Ford, which had 5,819 ZEV registrations in the Golden State through the first three months.

Despite what many are stating regarding Tesla’s “brand damage,” the company is still in control of the market substantially. It was always expected that Tesla’s market share, which sits at 43.9 percent, would fall slightly each quarter after more automakers had EVs to offer.

However, the company’s control still remains, at least for now.

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On Monday, Tesla’s Megapack account on X posted a brief video on the Kern County, California “Eland” storage site, which was recently expanded to offer 300MW/1.2GWh of Megapacks supporting 758MW of solar. The so-called “Eland Solar-plus-Storage Project” site now features 172 Megapack units and 1.36 million solar panels, which the companies have previously said is roughly enough to power 200,000 homes annually.

In the video, Tesla also notes that the facility has site-level controls to regulate power output, “providing a firm resource to the grid,” and supporting the Los Angeles climate goal of reaching 100-percent renewable electricity by 2035. You can check out the clip below.

758 MW of solar supported by 1.2 GWh of Megapack at Arevon’s site in Kern County, California pic.twitter.com/HTP92uYVIP

— Tesla Megapack (@Tesla_Megapack) March 17, 2025

READ MORE ON TESLA MEGAPACKS: Tesla Megapack project in California housed in former steam plant

Arevon announced the official start of operations for Eland 1 in December with 150MW/600 MWh, and the Eland 2 phase has effectively doubled this. The company also appears to be on track for its targeted opening of Eland 2 in Q1 this year, though it’s not clear at the time of writing if Arevon has yet announced a start of operations for the second phase.

Last February, Arevon announced that it secured a $1.1 billion financial commitment for the remaining parts of the Eland 2 Solar-plus-Storage project, together with Eland 1 becoming one of the largest solar-plus-storage installations in the U.S. The projects also include a long-term purchase agreement from the Southern California Public Power Authority, which plans to facilitate contracts for the LA Department of Water and Power and Glendale Water and Power.

Tesla’s grid-scale Megapack batteries can store and deploy generated energy to the electrical grid, especially during periods of peak power usage, high demand, or outages. Coupled with solar or other energy sources in these kinds of solar-plus-storage sites, Tesla’s Megapacks can help support renewable energy for long periods of time, or at least add stability to the grid.

Over the past couple of years, Tesla has been deploying large-scale Megapack projects in markets around the world, as backed by an initial production facility in Lathrop, California. This “Megafactory” aims to eventually produce 10,000 Megapack units, or 40 GWh, per year, and it has been ramping up production since late 2022.

In November, the Lathrop Megafactory officially produced its 10,000th Megapack, and Tesla also started production at a second Megapack plant in Shanghai, China last month, after starting construction on the site last May. The Shanghai Megafactory is also expected to have a volume annual production of 10,000 units per year.

Additionally, Tesla has teased plans for a third Megafactory, though it has yet to disclose where such a facility would be built.

Tesla’s massive Megapack site near Melbourne is almost ready

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After the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) granted California an exemption from federal air pollution laws in 2022, effectively letting the state set its own vehicle emissions rules, the U.S. Supreme Court last week agreed to listen to a bid from a Valero Energy subsidiary and other fuel groups to challenge the exemption (via Reuters).

Valero’s Diamond Alternative Energy and other associated fuel business lobby groups argue that the waiver oversteps the power of the EPA under the Clean Air Act, under which the federal rules are set. The groups also argued that such a decision would lower demand for their liquid fuels, ultimately inflicting harm on their bottom line.

RELATED: U.S. Congressman urges President Biden to end EV transition goals

In the appeal, the groups also said that California was overstepping its power, acting as a “junior-varsity EPA” by making regulatory decisions to combat climate change and force the adoption of EVs upon consumers—choices the group says the state does not have the right to make.

The decision also comes after the EPA was backed by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in April, with the court throwing out a legal challenge against the waiver from a group of 17 Republican-run states. In that appeal, backers also argued that California’s ability to set its own emissions rules gave the state unconstitutional regulatory power, which they said isn’t available to other states.

The waiver has long been a point of contention, originally dating back to a 2013 decision to offer California the waiver. In 2019, the Trump administration rescinded that waiver, before the EPA was given power to reinstate it under the Biden administration in 2022.

California has also been a leader in pushing EV adoption through massive incentives, and an official ruling later in 2022 to ban the sale of new gas cars beginning in 2035. That ruling has since been followed by a handful of other states, including New Jersey, New York, Oregon, and Washington.

Last year, California’s battery-electric vehicle (BEV) sales also made up around one-third of all U.S. BEV sales, as led by Tesla.

Passed by the California Air Resources Board (CARB), the California ban also includes a gradual phase-out of gas vehicles set to begin in 2026, for which the state also required an EPA waiver. California has gained over 75 separate waivers since 1967, through which it has been able to lodge increasingly strict rules surrounding vehicle emissions performance and EV sales.

In February, the EPA actually loosened federal standards requiring automakers to sell a certain ratio of EVs by 2032. Previously, the agency required that automakers make 60 percent of sales come from BEVs and plugin hybrids by 2030, increasing that to 68 percent by 2032. Now, the agency mandates that manufacturers make 50 percent of their overall sales either plugin hybrids or BEVs by 2030.

What are your thoughts? Let me know at zach@teslarati.com, find me on X at @zacharyvisconti, or send us tips at tips@teslarati.com.

California’s proposed 2035 EV sales mandate faces scrutiny at EPA hearing

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On Monday, Newsom proposed the plans to offer additional state incentives by rebooting a previously expired program, if the federal credit is removed under the incoming Trump administration. However, following the announcement, the Governor’s office told Bloomberg that Tesla’s popular EV models would likely be excluded, likely to the dismay of CEO Elon Musk and others within the company’s vast community of owners and shareholders.

“It’s about creating the market conditions for more of these car makers to take route,” Newsom’s office said in a statement.

Tesla continues California domination, still holding over 50 percent EV market share

While most of Tesla’s models do currently qualify for the $7,500 federal credit, the move would be expected to spur on broader EV adoption across other automakers with less popular EV models. The statements also come following larger feuds between Democratic Newsom and Musk, after the Tesla CEO lambasted the state for COVID-19 closures that included the company’s Fremont factory.

Despite the statements, the terms of a potential EV rebate for California buyers are still under negotiation and are subject to change.

While Tesla’s engineering headquarters remains in California, located in Palo Alto, the automaker officially moved its headquarters to Austin, Texas in 2021—though Musk reiterated then that operations would continue to ramp in Fremont and Palo Alto despite the move.

California has also remained the U.S. leader on EV adoption, mirroring many countries in Europe that have embraced the tech. According to some studies, sales trends across the U.S. have appeared to be following a similar trajectory to that of the West Coast state over the past few years, falling just a couple of years behind those in the state.

It’s unclear at this point how the repeal of a $7,500 EV tax credit would affect nationwide EV sales, though Musk has claimed that it would actually come to the benefit of Tesla, as other automakers rely more heavily on the credit for sales.

What are your thoughts? Let me know at zach@teslarati.com, find me on X at @zacharyvisconti, or send us tips at tips@teslarati.com.

California Governor Gavin Newsom visits Tesla Gigafactory Shanghai

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The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) shared a press release this week detailing new reporting requirements for road incidents, including collisions and non-collisions that result in stopped vehicles and more. The decision follows a long-running conversation within the agency about incident reporting, following an accident with a robotaxi last fall that involved a pedestrian.

“Today’s decision will provide critical information on how to keep passengers safe during their rides as we roll into a new era of more widespread autonomous vehicle use,” said Matthew Baker, CPUC commissioner. “These new reporting requirements are informed by millions of miles of experience over the past several years and provide a strong foundation for future updates to the CPUC’s regulations.”

Waymo is now giving over 100,000 paid self-driving rides per week

More specifically, the new reporting guidance requires autonomous vehicle operators to report “stoppage events,” in which driverless vehicles get stuck while operating. Companies will also be required to report trip-level incident reports featuring specific details on collisions, as well as non-collisions such as stoppages or traffic safety violations.

The agency also says that it began developing a framework for the increased reporting measures last May, after a Commissioner had filed to officially establish the new requirements. The CPUC also works closely with the California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) to regulate the state’s self-driving laws, with the former agency specifically responsible for ensuring passenger safety and the latter overseeing vehicle safety and operational integrity.

The new requirements follow an accident in San Francisco with a robotaxi owned by General Motors (GM) subsidiary Cruise last October, in which a self-driving vehicle struck a pedestrian who had been hit by another vehicle with a human driver. Upon impact with the pedestrian, the robotaxi attempted to pull over as an emergency response, though it instead went on to drag and pin the pedestrian until authorities arrived.

After the accident, California regulators claimed that Cruise “omitted” and “misrepresented” certain details about the robotaxi’s crash response, and the GM-owned company was required by the CPUC to pay the maximum penalty for delayed reporting of some specifics. While that fee was just $112,500, Cruise was also ordered to pay $1.5 million by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in September for its failure to disclose certain aspects of the incident.

California prepares legal framework for autonomous trucking

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Although Tesla lost 8.5 percent of its market share compared to last year in the same time frame, it still holds 54.5 percent of the EV sales in California in 2024.

Tesla dominates in California but EV growth is the true winner

According to data from the California New Car Dealers Association (CNCDA), Tesla sold 159,619 vehicles through the first three quarters of the year, down from the 182,689 it sold in 2023 through Q3.

Despite the drop, no single company has truly made a dent in Tesla’s market share domination on an individual level.

Tesla’s 54.5 percent market share is trailed by Hyundai, which holds just 5.6 percent of the market. BMW is third with 5 percent.

Despite the fact that Tesla holds nearly ten times the sales of the nearest competitor, the CNCDA notes this is the first time there has been a full year of declines:

“…the company’s sales continue to slip, losing 8.5 percent market share compared to last year. This marks a full year of registration declines for Tesla in California, leaving the “alternative powertrain door” open for traditional automakers. Manufacturers and dealers have embraced this shift, expanding their share of battery electric vehicle (BEV) sales to 40.2 percent as consumers increasingly turn to exciting, new electric vehicle (EV) options.”

Kia, BMW, and Hyundai all increased their market share by 1.4, 1.3, and 1.3 percent, respectively, but it is going to take something significant for Tesla to feel the major impact of these brands gaining market share.

For the Model Y, it was just another quarter. It was the top-selling BEV and PHEV with 105,693 registrations, outpacing the Model 3 with 37,219.

The Model Y was also the best-selling vehicle in both the light truck and luxury compact SUV categories. The Model 3 led the near-luxury class, while the Model S was the best-selling luxury and high-end sports car. The Model X was second in luxury mid-size SUVs.

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Please email me with questions and comments at joey@teslarati.com. I’d love to chat! You can also reach me on Twitter @KlenderJoey, or if you have news tips, you can email us at tips@teslarati.com.

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In a post on X on Thursday, Cruise said that it’s already deploying “several manual mapping vehicles in Sunnyvale and Mountain View,” along with re-launching supervised testing of five autonomous vehicles later this fall. The company has been working on re-booting driverless ride-hailing services throughout this year, after an accident with a pedestrian last October caused the ultimate loss of its permit to operate self-driving vehicles and significant staff shake-ups in the months since.

“Resuming testing in the Bay Area is an important step forward as we continue to work closely with California regulators and local stakeholders,” Cruise wrote in the post. “This will allow our local employees to engage directly with our product as they refine and improve our tech through R&D.”

Cruise wants its self-driving tech to be a ‘role model driver’

On October 3, 2023, a pedestrian was struck by a vehicle with a human driver, pushing the person into the path of the Cruise robotaxi. While the vehicle deployed its hazard lights and a safety protocol to come to a stop, it ended up stopping on top of the pedestrian who remained pinned until authorities arrived.

The company ceased operations immediately, and the California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) suspended its self-driving permit weeks later.

The company was operating paid self-driving ride-hail services in San Francisco for a few months last year, though the halting of driverless operations also meant the company has not been generating revenue since.

Company executives stepped down from the company in the weeks following the accident, and GM and Cruise have spent much of this year restructuring and trying to regain the trust of regulators and consumers. A report in July suggested that the company would be looking to re-launch driverless ride-hailing sometime this year, and the company also re-started supervised testing in Arizona in May.

RELATED:

Cruise ordered to pay max penalty for delayed accident report

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Last week, users in the Tesla Motors Club forum spotted an award recipient document and workshop meeting agenda from the California Energy Commission that details the roughly $102.4 million granted to the California Department of Transportation (CDOT), as part of the West Coast Truck Charging and Fueling Corridor Project. The project aims to establish as many as 34 trucking charging stations featuring five 350kW chargers each, along with five hydrogen stations sporting two dispensers each.

The funding comes as part of the Biden administration’s Charging and Fueling Infrastructure (CFI) Discretionary Grant Program. Users in the thread highlighted that the plans don’t include Megawatt Charging Systems (MCS), which would offer substantially higher charging speeds. However, the meeting agenda does say that the project plans to eventually upgrade to one MCS port within the project.

Caltrans, CEC, Oregon DOT and Washington State DOT all applied to get funding for the program in June, and will take part in development of the corridor. The currently proposed route is expected to connect major ports, agricultural regions, and freight centers near the borders of Mexico and Canada, as can be seen below:

Credit: California Energy Commission (via MP3Mike in the TeslaMotorsClub forum)

Projects for a Class 8 trucking charging corridor have been proposed in the past, including Tesla, which builds its own electric Semi.

Last year, reports suggested that Tesla was seeking as much as $100 million in funding from the CFI program for a similar Semi charging corridor running from California to Texas. That project would include eight of Tesla’s Semi Megachargers, which offer charging speeds of up to 1.5 MW. Tesla has a few of these Megachargers at its Gigafactory Nevada, along with developing some for its initial Semi customer PepsiCo.

One Tesla executive earlier this year suggested that the company could work to construct a California-Texas trucking Megacharger corridor regardless of whether it gains CFI funding or not. However, Tesla has yet to unveil any formal plans for such a project.

Tesla Semi Megacharger mobile unit briefly shows up in Utah

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On Friday, California’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) publicized its first draft of regulations on self-driving Class 8 trucks on highways, as reported by Reuters. The plans would initially start with safety drivers in both light- and heavy-duty scenarios, and the department plans to accept feedback on the regulations between now and October 14.

The Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association called the draft “an important step for the future of roadway safety and supply chain resiliency in California.”

The draft follows the California Assembly’s passage of two autonomous driving safety bills this week, which will now cross the desk of Governor Gavin Newsom, who can sign them into law.

While some praised the legislation this week, others warned that it could result in significant job losses, as driver positions will be outsourced to self-driving systems.

“The regulations are an insult to California workers who already fear losing their jobs to automation,” said Sean O’Brien, Teamsters General President.

TEAMSTERS CONDEMN CALIFORNIA GOV. NEWSOM'S PROPOSED AUTONOMOUS TRUCK REGULATIONS
Newsom Reconfirms His Commitment to Corporate Profit Over Good Jobs. pic.twitter.com/m2YhSXjVYZ

— Teamsters Local 70 (@local_70) August 30, 2024

Tesla is just one of many companies developing autonomous driving software, perhaps most notably including the Alphabet-owned company Waymo, and the GM-owned Cruise—the latter of which has been trying to re-launch paid rides after an accident last October.

Unlike Waymo and Cruise, however, Tesla’s FSD is being developed across its entire vehicle lineup, using a trained AI neural network that’s expected to be able to operate almost anywhere, rather than on mapped roads. Between FSD (Supervised) being available to anyone who buys it and its neural net being trained by all of these drivers, Tesla often argues that its FSD will be more scalable than Cruise or Waymo, since they’re limited to pre-mapped regions.

In any case, Tesla is also building a facility at its Gigafactory Nevada to scale up production of its own electric Semi, which has already started being delivered to a handful of early customers. Eventually, drivers will be able to use FSD in the Semi, with autonomous trucking expected to change the transportation industry substantially. In addition to its already available Full Self-Driving (FSD) Supervised, Tesla is also expected to unveil a robotaxi platform in October.

Tesla Semi logs 1,000-mile day in Run on Less EV trucking study

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